Vascular Access: Principles and Practice

This practical and comprehensive book provides how-to information on all aspects of access to the vascular system for hemodialysis, parenteral nutrition, chemotherapy, and resuscitation. Preoperative evaluation, operations, noninvasive procedures, complications, and other aspects are detailed. This edition provides increased coverage of non-interventional techniques and includes new chapters on management of thrombophilia in hemodialysis patients; modulation of the immune system to prevent myointimal hyperplasia; synthetic grafts; venous outflow stenting for salvage of vascular access procedures; and ultrasound in vascular access procedures. This book is essential for all clinicians treating patients who require vascular access, including vascular surgeons, general surgeons, nephrologists, dialysis technicians and nurses, radiologists, and cardiologists. Table Of Contents SECTION 1 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF VASCULAR ACCESS 1. Development of Vascular Access Surgery 2. Patient Assessment and Planning for Vascular Access Surgery 3. Anesthesia for Vascular Access Surgery 4. Surgical Anatomy for Hemodialysis Access 5. Physiology of the Arteriovenous Fistula 6. Thrombophilia as a Cause of Recurrent Vascular Access Thrombosis in Hemodialysis Patients 7. Biologic Properties of Venous Access Devices 8. Biologic Response to Prosthetic Dialysis Grafts 9. Strategies to Reduce Intimal Hyperplasia in Dialysis Access Grafts SECTION II VASCULAR ACCESS FOR HEMODIALYSIS 10. Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of Chronic Renal Failure and Guidelines for Initiation of Hemodialysis 11. Autologous Arteriovenous Fistulas: Direct Radiocephalic Anastomosis for Hemodialysis Access 12. Autogenous Vein for Fistulas and Interposition Grafts 13. Basilic Vein Transposition: A Modern Autogenous Vascular Access for Hemodialysis 14. Interposition Arteriovenous Grafts (Bridge Fistulas) for Hemodialysis 15. New Synthetic Grafts and Early Access 16. Central Venous Cannulation for Hemodialysis Access 17. Access in the Neonatal and Pediatric Patient 18. Surveillance, Revision, and Outcome of Vascular Access Procedures for Hemodialysis 19. Endovascular Management of Dialysis Graft Stenosis 20. Axillosubclavian Vein Thrombosis 21. Complications of Vascular Access: Thrombosis, Venous Hypertension, Congestive Heart Failure, Neuropathy, and Aneurysm 22. Dialysis Access-Associated Ischemic Steal Syndrome 23. Vascular Access Neuropathic Syndrome: Ischemic Monomelic Neuropathy 24. Infection in Vascular Access Procedures 25. Assessment and Intervention for Arteriovenous Fistula Maturation 26. Coordination and Patient Care in Vascular Access 27. Cardiovascular Consequences of Rapid Hemodialysis 28. Peritoneal Dialysis 29. Socioeconomic Implications of Vascular Access Surgery 30. Ultrasound in Vascular Access SECTION III RESULTS OF VASCULAR ACCESS FOR HEMODIALYSLIS 31. Reflections on Four Decades of Experience in Vascular Access Surgery 32. Organizing Hemodialysis Access: The Kaiser Permanente Southern California Experience 33. Should the KDOQI Guidelines for First Time Dialysis Access Apply to All Patients? 34. Ten Mistakes to Avoid in Dialysis Access Surgery SECTION IV VASCULAR ACCESS FOR CRITICAL CARE, CHEMOTHERAPY, AND NUTRITION 35. Placement of Indwelling Venous Access Systems 36. Vascular Access for Trauma, Emergency Surgery, and Critical Care 37. Complications of Percutaneous Vascular Access Procedures and Their Management INDEX