Textbook of Peripheral Vascular Interventions

As the nature of medical care becomes more preventive, rather than crisis-driven, the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral vascular disease become more relevant to everyday practice. Approximately two million patients in Europe and the United States suffer from critical limb ischemia. Nearly half of these sufferers will require major amputation within one year after the onset of limb ischemia. In addition, in the United States, prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysm is quite significant. In 2002, 200, 000 abdominal aortic aneurysms were diagnosed, adding to the estimated one and half million patients who currently experience this disease. In fact, 10% of men over 80 years of age, have significant abdominal aortic aneurysms. Furthermore, 20% of the patients who undergo coronary intervention have renal artery stenosis, with as many as 50% of those patients having critical stenosis. Embolic protection traditionally used for carotid intervention is now being applied in both femoral and renal applications. The field has also seen an explosion in the ability to screen patients with peripheral vascular disease, knowing that this is a potent predictor of comorbid cardiovascular disease.

The second edition of the highly successful Textbook of Peripheral Vascular Interventions discusses therapies that can make a real difference in the lives of patients. Effective, less invasive approaches to therapies for critical limb ischemia, chronic total occlusions, as well as therapies for some subsets, are discussed by an illustrious team of international multispeciality contributors.

Textbook of Peripheral Vascular Interventions, Second Edition, is not only for cardiologists, but also for radiologists, endovascular surgeons, vascular surgeons, and cardiovascular surgeons becoming involved in these therapies.

SECTION I: INTRODUCTION
Epidemiology and pathophysiology of peripheral arterial disease (PAD); GI Pandele and C Dima-Cozma
The endovascular suite and equipment; K Dougherty and Z Krajcer
SECTION II: TECHNIQUES
Arterial access for endovascular interventions: vascular access; JS Jenkins
Arterial access for endovascular interventions: radial and brachial arterial access; PW McMullan Jr and JS Jenkins
Arterial access for endovascular interventions: transradial approach; I Henry, M Henry, and M Hugel
Arterial access for endovascular interventions: popliteal access to peripheral procedures; M Henry, I Henry, and M Hugel
Introducer sheaths, catheters, guiding catheters, and guidewires; K Dougherty and Z Krajcer
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty; T Collins and PW McMullan Jr
Cutting balloon angioplasty; S Tyagi
SilverHawk® atherectomy device; RS Gammon and JR Nelson
Percutaneous peripheral atherectomy using the Rotablator; I Henry, M Henry, and M Hugel
A new rotational thrombectomy and atherectomy catheter: the Rotarex system; I Henry, M Henry, and M Hugel
Orbital atherectomy system: a novel means of peripheral vascular rotational atherectomy; DT Cragen and RR Heuser
Subintimal angioplasty; G Markose and A Bolia
Recanalization devices for chronic total occlusions (including optical coherent reflectometry); G Baweja and RR Heuser
Catheter-directed intra-arterial thrombolytic therapy; NN Khanna and RR Kasliwal
Thromboaspiration and thrombectomy in peripheral vessels; NN Khanna
The future of thrombolysis; T McNamara
Endovascular treatment for acute and chronic lower extremity deep vein thrombosis; PE Thorpe and FJ Osse
Stents; RR Heuser, KL Waters, CW Hatler, and LM Kelly
Role of covered stents in peripheral arterial diseases; M Henry, I Henry, and M Hugel
Embolic protection devices; M Henry, I Henry, A Polydorou, and M Hugel
Vascular closure devices; ZG Turi
Other techniques of percutaneous intervention: retrieval devices, embolization therapy,
and angiogenesis; JA Silva and JS Jenkins
SECTION III: NEUROVASCULAR; Epidemiology and pathophysiology of neurovascular disease; C Klonaris, A Papapetrou, and A Katsargyris
Neuroradiological anatomy; MH Wholey and WS Wu
Doppler ultrasound and carotid angioplasty: carotid ultrasonography and transcranial Doppler; S Kownator and F Luizy
The value of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography before, during, and after surgery for carotid
occlusive disease; NM Bornstein and AY Gur
Carotid plaque characterization using ultrasound; AN Nicolaides, M Griffin, S Kakkos, G Geroulakos, E Kyriacou, and N Georgiou
Cerebral perfusion imaging; W-J Jiang
Stent-assisted angioplasty for symptomatic atherosclerotic intracranial stenosis; W-J Jiang
Intracranial stenting for cerebrovascular pathology; EI Levy, AS Boulos, BR Bendok, SH Kim, AI Qureshi, LR Guterman, and LN Hopkins
The stroke unit; P Lylyk and JF Vila
Interventional treatment of acute ischemic stroke: past, present, and future; CS Eddleman, ZA Hage, DL Surdell, EI Levy, RM Samuelson, YA Mikhaeil, and BR Bendok
Carotid angioplasty and stenting under protection: techniques, indications, results, and limitations; M Henry, A Polydorou, I Henry, Ad Polydorou, and M Hugel
Complications of internal carotid artery stenting and their management; DL Surdell, ZA Hage, CS Eddleman, S Das, E Duckworth, MK Eskandari, IA Awad, HH Batjer, and BR Bendok
Which patients should be referred for surgical endarterectomy and not have carotid stenting; FJ Criado and C Gallagher
Common carotid artery: PTA stenting; J Franke, G Robertson, and H Sievert
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the subclavian arteries; M Henry, I Henry, A Polydorou, Ad Polydorou, and M Hugel
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting of extracranial vertebral artery stenosis; V Polydorou, I Henry, A Polydorou, M Henry, Ad Polydorou, J Stephanides, M Hugel, and S Anagnostopoulou
Elective endovascular revascularization of the intracranial cerebral arteries; HC Schumacher, PM Meyers, B Bateman, and RT Higashida
SECTION IV: UPPER EXTREMITY ARTERIAL DISEASES
Upper extremity arterial diseases; J Laredo and BB Lee
Compression syndromes of the superior thoracic aperture; JE Molina
SECTION V: THORACIC AORTA
Thoracic aorta: epidemiology and pathophysiology; EB Diethrich
Radiology and anatomy of the thoracic aorta; AR Owen, GH Roditi, and AW Reid
Thoracic aorta: thoracic aortic aneurysms; EB Diethrich
Thoracic aortic dissection; J May, GH White, and JP Harris
SECTION VI: ABDOMINAL AORTA
Abdominal aortic aneurysm treatment by endoluminal exclusion: a historical perspective; JC Parodi, CJ Schönholz, and RR Heuser
Role of Doppler ultrasound in the assessment of peripheral vascular disease; K Irshad, M Ali, AW Reid, A Sinha, and DB Reid
Abdominal aortic dissections; OC Morcos, JC Pereda, and ML Marin
Endovascular treatment of abdominal aortic occlusive disease; C Klonaris and A Katsargyris
SECTION VII: THORACOABDOMINAL ANEURYSMS AND DISSECTIONS
Thoracoabdominal aneurysms and dissections: current indications and management; JF Dowdall, Q Lu, and RK Greenberg
SECTION VIII: ATHEROSCLEROTIC RENAL ARTERY STENOSIS
Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis: epidemiology and pathophysiology; KI Paraskevas, DP Mikhailidis, and G Hamilton
Radiological assessment of the renal arteries; A Al-Kutoubi
Endovascular treatment of a renal artery stenosis: techniques, indications, and result; M Henry, I Henry, A Polydorou, Ad Polydorou, and M Hugel
Renal angioplasty and stenting under protection devices; M Henry, I Henry, A Polydorou, Ad Polydorou, and M Hugel
Renal artery stenosis: when to refer to surgery?; C Klonaris, A Katsargyris, and A Giannopoulos
Non-atherosclerotic renovascular disease; JM Garasic and K Rosenfield
SECTION IX: CELIAC AND MESENTERIC ARTERIES
Etiology, natural history, and pathophysiology of mesenteric ischemia; JA Silva
Assessment of mesenteric ischemia; JA Silva
Conventional angiography, CTA, and MRA of the mesenteric arteries; Y-W Chi and JA Silva
Duplex ultrasound of the mesenteric arteries; Y-W Chi and JA Silva
Endovascular therapy for mesenteric ischemia; JA Silva
Mesenteric ischemia: surgical revascularization and indications for surgery; JA Silva and DE Allie
SECTION X: LOWER EXTREMITY
Epidemiology and pathophysiology of peripheral arterial disease of the lower extremities; C Klonaris, A Papapetrou, and A Giannopoulos
Lower extremity arterial disease assessment; KF Murphy, K Irshad, A Sinha, and DB Reid
Lower extremity: other techniques; ML Brennan and L Cho
Iliac occlusive diseases; DT Cragen and RR Heuser
Procedures for the hypogastric artery; J Cynamon and P Prabhaker
Femoropopliteal disease; E Calabrese and F Camerano
When to refer to surgery for femoropopliteal disease; N Morrissey
Infrapopliteal arterial diseases: angioplasty and stenting; E Calabrese
Critical limb ischemia; DE Allie, CJ Hebert, EV Mitran, CM Walker, and RR Patlola
Acute limb ischemia; DE Allie, CJ Hebert, EV Mitran, CM Walker, and RR Patlola
Endovascular treatment for infrainguinal failing graft; A de Carvalho Lobato and DF Colli Jr
Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger’s disease); A Pokrovsky and AV Chupin
Percutaneous endovascular treatment of peripheral aneurysms; M Henry, I Henry, and M Hugel

SECTION XI: OTHER LOCALIZATIONS
Embolization in peripheral territory; CJ Schönholz, E Mendaro, and K Ehrens
Uterine artery embolization for fibroids; J Pisco and M Duarte
Hemodialysis access intervention; E Calabrese and B Yasin
Endovascular surgery in treatment of some congenital heart defects; BG Alekyan, VP Podzolkov, VA Garibyan, MG Pursanov, KE Kardenas, and E Yu Danilov
Endovascular treatment of some congenital diseases: hemangiomas and vascular malformations; BB Lee, J Laredo, DH Deaton, and RF Neville
SECTION XII: UNUSUAL VASCULAR DISEASES OF THE EXTREMITIES
Endovascular management of Budd-Chiari syndrome – suprahepatic inferior vena cava
occlusive disease; BB Lee, J Laredo, DH Deaton, and RF Neville
Unusual vascular conditions of the extremities; DH Deaton, RF Neville, J Laredo, and BB Lee
Interventions in inflammatory arterial disease; S Rajagopal and L Gopalakrishnan
Vascular involvement in Behçet’s disease; TW Kwon
SECTION XIII: MULTIVASCULAR DISEASE
Potential of endovascular surgery in the treatment of patients with ischemic heart disease
associated with other arterial pools’ pathology; LB Bockeria, BG Alekyan, Yu I Buziashvili, EZ Golukhova, TG Niritina, NP Mironov, AV Ter-Akopyan, NV Zakarian, and AV Staferov
SECTION XIV: TREATMENTS FOR RESTENOSIS
Pathophysiology of restenosis; E Kedhi, J-F Tanguay, and L Bilodeau
Interventional therapy: new approaches; E Kedhi and L Bilodeau
Update on peripheral vascular brachytherapy; R Waksman
Gene-based and angiogenesis therapy in cardiovascular diseases; R Baffour, S Fuchs, and R Kornowski
SECTION XV: PTA/STENTING COMPLICATIONS
Complications of peripheral interventions; DT Cragen and RR Heuser
Contrast-induced nephropathy; G Marenzi and AL Bartorelli
SECTION XVI: PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENTS AND RISK FACTOR MANAGEMENT
Pharmacological treatment in peripheral arterial disease; GI Pandele and C Dima-Cozma
Risk factors in peripheral arterial disease; GI Pandele and C Dima-Cozma
SECTION XVII: VENOUS DISEASE
The anatomy, epidemiology, and pathophysiology of venous disease; JI Greenberg, N Angle, and J Bergan
Diagnostic evaluation of venous disease; B Abai and N Labropoulos
Contrast imaging studies of the lower extremity; GE Pineda and D Mukherjee
Interventional therapy for pulmonary embolism; S Faintuch, FB Collares, and GM Martinez Salazar
Superior and inferior vena cava thrombosis; J Pisco and M Duarte
Varicose veins; CK Shortell and J Bergan
Endovenous laser therapy for varicose veins; NN Khanna
Vena caval filters; NN Khanna
Foam treatment of varicose veins; JI Greenberg, N Angle, and J Bergan
INDEX

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